In our time-strapped world, the idea of a quick fix has never seemed so appealing. But there’s also the fact that, as researchers suggest, humans are “cognitive misers,” meaning we often rely on mental shortcuts to make fast and efficient judgments in new or time-pressured situations. “People are relatively poor at detecting deceptive information from others, because we usually just take them at face value,” says Janet Boseovski, PhD, a professor of psychology at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro and co-author of Beyond Body Positive, whose main areas of research include body image and child development.
With this in mind, it isn’t hard to understand how ”unscientific claims—in which influencers or coaches offer quick fixes, or simple strategies—appeal to many people precisely because they offer quick and seemingly simple solutions,” Dr. Boseovski adds. On top of this, says Charlotte Markey, PhD, a professor of psychology and director of the health sciences program at Rutgers University, “A promise like ‘you can think your way into a better face or body’ offers a seductive sense of control in a culture that constantly tells young women they are being evaluated visually.”
These coaches are peddling an illusion, Dr. Markey continues, pointing out that, “At the end of the day, a lot of how we look is genetically determined and constrained by our resources—money, time, other responsibilities.”
Manifesting can be understood as a way of trying to escape these constraints, and is a practice people often turn to in difficult times. For instance, in 2020, as COVID lockdowns began, Google searches for “manifesting” increased by 600%. Post-pandemic, in a time of economic and political uncertainty, it doesn’t feel like a coincidence that the phenomenon continues to be enormously popular.
Laila, 19, is among those drawn to the idea of manifesting beauty as a faster and more affordable way to reach her aesthetic goals, saving her money she might have spent on treatments and expensive products. After manifesting better grades in school, she decided, at age 16, to shift her focus to achieving a slimmer face, clearer skin, and longer hair. Like Lauren, she says the changes were subtle at first. “You see yourself every single day and you don’t really notice it,” she explains. “Then you look at a photo from a year ago and you’re like, ‘Oh wow.’”
When the placebo effect and puberty collide
If it’s hard to rationalize how young women like Lauren and Laila are convinced they’re able to change biological traits like face shape or eye color, there are psychological reasons why some people will report seeing results, says Dr. Markey. “Expectation effects, placebo responses, selective attention, and confirmation bias can all shape what people think they notice,” she points out. “Research shows that if we believe something to cause a change (we believe in a placebo), we may look at ourselves and think we look better because we expect to.”
